Residential areas that intersect with wildlife habitats are always at risk of conflict with these animals. Several villages in the Peusangan landscape are located in the vicinity of the Sumatran elephant's range, so the arrival of elephants is often a problem for villagers. Elephants that are only following routine routes enter the villages they travel through and often destroy people's gardens or homes.

According to Ian Muhammad Hilman, Center of Excellence Project Leader of the Peusangan Elephant Conservation Initiative (PECI), in order to achieve coexistence between humans and wildlife, there are four aspects that must be met first, namely in terms of wildlife, humans, habitat, and livelihood. Wildlife habitat must be maintained; there must be awareness on the part of humans to accept that coexistence with wildlife is not a bad thing and is actually important to preserve. Increased livelihoods are an indicator that coexistence is successful. Since the livelihoods of people around the landscape are land-based, agroforestry is believed to be the solution to achieving coexistence between humans and elephants.

To manage elephant corridors, landscapes need to be mapped to ensure that human and animal living spaces do not overlap. Areas of human activity should not be located in areas of animal movement to avoid this risk. So far, this has often been ignored, resulting in losses on the part of humans because their plantations are destroyed by elephants.

What about lands that have already been cleared in elephant movement areas? WWF-Indonesia is assisting farmers to develop intensive and elephant resistant agroforestry.

The intervention is based on the selection of crops that are not favored by elephants, namely coffee and chocolate. Both commodities have developed as plantation commodities in villages around the Peusangan Landscape. Although there is still a possibility of elephants passing through and entering the plantation, at least the harvest will not be eaten up, thus preventing massive damage.

What is important to do in an agroforestry system is how to create plant spacing that allows incoming elephants to move around the plantation but does not cause damage to crops trampled by elephants. Many times elephants will just pass through, and if there is no food in the plantation, then they will leave immediately.

To maximize the aspects of coffee and chocolate cultivation as a solution to the development of plantation commodities in the elephant region, WWF-Indonesia through the PECI program assisted and conducted a year-long study. So far, the placement of space for agricultural land has not been specifically considered, so there are some places that are still at risk of landslides. The land used by the community is quite steep and sloping. If you want to develop agroforestry there, you need to apply the concept of land management with soil and water conservation principles. Before the land is ready for farming, terracing can be built first. WWF stepped in to help adopt more effective and erosion-resistant farm management measures. So far, about 160 hectares of land have been mapped and agreed by the community to be developed. Seedling distribution has been done and further expansion will take place.

WWF also conducts research related to the supply chain, so that in the future the sales system is clearer and more certain. This is to ensure the absorption of farmers' commodities into the market at prices that are favorable to farmers, for example by cutting the supply chain.

The last aspect that should not be forgotten is the acceptance of the community to commit to coexist with elephants by implementing elephant-proof agroforestry. Spreading awareness through socialization needs to be done regularly along with monitoring from WWF-Indonesia. For now, because the program is still ongoing, there is no significant impact yet. But, WWF already has a pattern in approaching and gaining the trust of the villagers.